He is also the Topic Editor and Feature Writer for the Latin America and Caribbean Travel section of a prominent website in Canada. British Airways also relaxed their uniform policy last year, permitting male pilots and crew to wear nail varnish. The adjusted baseline will now be based on 2019 CO2 emissions for the aviation sector, instead of the planned average of 2019 and 2020. four aviation decarbonisation projects supported by british airways and designed to help the industry achieve its targets of net zero carbon emissions by 2050 received government funding in 2021, which will drive meaningful progress towards the development of sustainable aviation fuel plants in the uk and the decarbonisation of the aviation To ensure this, the company hires the best trained and qualified staff to provide premium service to the flyers, thereby ensuring customer satisfaction. The corporation heads want to follow the several campaigns kick-started by the royals for sustaining and saving the environment. Our aim is to increase representation at senior management levels and we are working on a number of programmes and initiatives to fulfil these commitments. British Airways has been at the forefront of the development of a waste to fuels pathway since 2010 and led the conversation with the UK Government to ensure waste-based fuels were included in the Renewable Transport Fuels Obligation (RTFO) in the UK in 2018. For this, British Airways is also focussing on building its infrastructure to math the government policies. This model reflects on the assessment of the products along with market growth strategy. They have always kept the customer first and emphasised the inclusion of people from diverse backgrounds, which has helped British Airways become a customer-centric organization. Shame core values and vision appear not to Bev been communicated with staffHoliday wrecked at either endThanks BA, Your email address will not be published. As part of our plan to reach net zero carbon emissions by 2050, we have invested in ZeroAvia a leading innovator in decarbonising commercial aviation in an effort to accelerate the development of 50+ seater aircraft capable of running on zero emissions hydrogen[1]electric power. The airline aims to generate a return on capital of a minimum 15 per cent with an operating profit margin of 12 - 15 per cent. BRITISH AIRWAYS AND QATAR AIRWAYS . The airline partnered with Airbus to paint one of its most modern, fuel-efficient A320neos in its new sustainability . Prompt assistance, providing comfort, being polite, and showing hospitality are some of the behaviors BA employees have developed over the years. "You can chat to us about that and you can wear what you want," he said. Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is produced from sustainable feedstocks and is similar in chemistry to traditional fossil jet fuel. Like most large corporations, the airline must focus on a variety of goals and objectives both for short- and long-term survival in the competitive global market. Weve swapped plastic swizzle sticks for sustainable bamboo versions, saving 45 tonnes of plastic every year. He is also the Topic Editor and Feature Writer for the Latin America and Caribbean Travel section of a prominent website in Canada. HVO or hydrotreated vegetable oil is one of the cleanest fuels on the market and reduces emissions byupto 90%. The annual carbon savings from the plant are equivalent to taking up to 40,000 cars per year off the road. It isavailable via our .air portal and allows customers to offset their emissions and, uniquely, purchase SAF or carbon removals credits directly from their seat whilst on board. The platform enables users to track and report on their climate impact over time and learn about the climate solutions they are supporting. We have reduced aircraft noise by more than 10% per flight since 2015. In addition, the partnership will involve LanzaJet implementing early stage planning and design for a potential commercial facility for British Airways in the UK. Iberia, British Airways & Level | Key Account Management | Revenue Management | Strategic Alliances | Strategic Sourcing | Emerging Leaders 2022 | . With British Airways serving different parts of the world, they are looking forward to connecting these parts, set apart by geographical, cultural, religious, and other factors. (Aqua wedge on graph), Velocys Altalto project waste to jet fuel, Lanzajet Nova Pangea Speedbird project Scottish forestry residues to jet fuel, Lanzajet Carbon Engineering Atmosfuel project air (carbon capture) to jet fuel, Lanzatech - Port Talbot South Wales, Dragon project alcohol to jet fuel, Our new First temperature-regulating duvet is made from recycled plastic bottles - a bespoke material produced for British Airways that supports a truly circular economy, There are approximately 19 recycled plastic bottles contained within each AirBlend duvet, Pre Covid, we started to roll out new bedding packaging and we started reintroducing them as of September 2021, Blankets and duvets are now wrapped in paper bands instead of plastic wrapping. BAs capacity measured by Available Seat Kilometres was around 30% less than the same quarter in 2019. British Airways has unveiled a collection of new uniforms. We empower you to efficiently solve each new challenge and make your life better and easier. We remain focused on a sustainable future and were making progress on our journey to get us there. The issue has now been resolved. Duration: 6 hours 18 minutes. (Your Full Guide), What Does Status In Transit Mean on FedEx? It is a founding member of the Oneworld alliance and operates flights to more than 400 destinations around the world. And this is why they are making plans to reduce carbon emissions. As reflected in the above statements, British Airways depict how serious the corporation is in maintaining its global status and providing optimal service to the customers simultaneously. This year will see the Airbus A380 return to widespread service at the airline . BRITISH AIRWAYS AND IAG CARGO FLY 34 . British Airways came into existence on March 31, 1974, by the merger of two nationalized (British European Airways & British Overseas Airways Corporation) and two regions airlines (Northeast Airlines & Cambrian Airways). (Blue wedge on graph), Were also offering our customers the opportunity to fly carbon neutral today, which could mean together we could reach our destination sooner. British Airways, LanzaJet and Nova Pangaea Technologies signed an agreement in November 2022 that will accelerate Project Speedbird, an initiative created by the companies in 2021 to develop cost-effective SAF for commercial use in the UK. It has been ranked 405 in Forbes magazine's list of global 2000 brands (as of May 2017). To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Shortly after takeoff, only 296 feet in the air, one of the jet's four engines exploded. This is the equivalent emissions of approximately 26,000 British Airways domestic flights. For more information visit: https://www.britishairways.com/en-ba/information/about-ba/ba-better-world. BA has its headquarters situated at Harmondsworth, London Borough. A category can be found on the BA Better World tab labelled Contribute to Carbon Offsets, where customers on short-haul European flights can help fund carbon reduction projects around the world. We haveretired our entire fleet of Boeing 747s, years earlier than previously planned. Weve also introduced initiatives to improve sustainability in the air and on the ground including switching from diesel to renewably powered electric pushback vehicles and removing weight from our aircraft by introducing lighter seats and trollies. Nalley holds a Doctor of Philosophy in music and literature from the University of Rochester. Heathrows mandatory passenger cap, which provoked a furious reaction from some airlines, had a relatively limited impact with around six short haul departures a day cancelled. It was formally established in 1974 by merging different associations, including the British Overseas Airways Corporation and British European Airways. You can save $100 on economy and premium economy awards, and $200 for business and first class awards. We will purchase enough SAF to reduce lifecycle CO2 emissions by almost 100,000 tonnes, the equivalent of powering 700 net zero CO2 emissions flights between London and New York on our fuel-efficient Boeing 787 aircraft. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Again, BAs recovery from COVID-19 lags that of other IAG airlines. Wherever possible, we are replacing diesel and petrol vehicles with more sustainable alternatives, such as electric remote-controlled Mototok pushback vehicles. British Airways' holding company is International Airlines Group (IAG). Be it hiring employees outside of UK to planning different international flight routes, the airline corporation believes in the power of unity in diversity. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. In August 2019, British Airways Holidays announced a new partnership with the Born Free Foundation. But we know that flying comes with an environmental cost and now, more than ever, we need to take greater action to tackle the impact it has on our planet. Jan 2022 - Present1 year 1 month. To get your password contact the press office: press.office@ba.com (for more details see https://mediacentre.britishairways.com/pf_enquiries). Our fleet of pushback vehicles, which are eco-friendly and emissions free, are powered by Heathrows 100% renewable electricity supply. Like most large corporations, the airline must focus on a variety of goals and objectives both for short- and long-term survival in the competitive global market. Whilst Heathrow has been keen to point out it has recruited more security staff, BA say there is a significant experience lag in the speed of processing passengers and bags and allowing vehicles through checkpoints. British Airways. British Airways is a major international airline based in the United Kingdom. Four aviation decarbonisation projects supported by British Airways and designed to help the industry achieve its targets of net zero carbon emissions by 2050, received Government funding in 2021: The projects are being funded by the Department for Transports Green Fuels, Green Skies competition - part of the Prime Ministers Ten Point Plan for a Green Industrial Revolution. BAs initial offtake of SAF from these two UK plants one built will total 120,000 tonnes per year. This is not just limited to providing premium services to the passengers, but it also includes protecting the environment. If weve learned one thing from the current pandemic, its that we humans really value being together and thats what aviation does it brings people closer together. In addition, in November 2021 IAG signed an agreement with Velocys to acquire 220,000 tonnes of sustainable aviation fuel over ten years. The fuel produced from this plant will also create high quality green jobs and can connect to Humberside carbon capture & storage network. The technology used in this project will capture CO2 from the manufacturing process to permanently remove it from the atmosphere. We are now also offering customers the opportunity to purchase carbon removal credits through CO2llaborate, so customers are able to use the adjustable slider to select the amount of SAF versus verified carbon removals, or SAF versus verified carbon offsets they wish to purchase. Vuelings expanded base at London Gatwick, aided by slots leased by BA, is said to be performing ahead of expectations. And thats what helped them in framing a customer-driven mission. We offer a 15p discount on tea and coffee on our short haul routes when customers bring their own reusable cups, We have removed plastic packaging from our World Traveller ear buds, saving 11.5 tonnes of plastic every year. December 25, 2022 Reading Time: 4 mins read British Airways launched a double tier points offer for Holiday Package bookings ex-UK in 2021, which it has now extended for the umpteenth time. Watch our carbon removals video here, which forms part of our BA Better World docuseries:https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_ideFavKfRRmVKpDuGPnUiBBtbkVzKd6. The SAF is being produced at scale for the first time in the UK at the Phillips 66 Humber Refinery near Immingham and is being supplied to us to help power a number of our flights. British Airways is the largest airline company actively providing services in the entire United Kingdom. Getting nervous on board is very common, and most first-time flyers start getting jitters. In addition, in times of crisis internationally and in the UK British Airways works with partners, including the Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) and the British Red Cross, to ensure that vital relief gets to where its needed as quickly as possible, helping to save lives and rebuild communities. Through our BA Better World Community Fund, we hope to create more life-changing opportunities and further support organisations and projects that have a positive impact in communities within the UK, enabling us to support projects that deliver benefits for climate, communities, colleagues and nature. Our parent company IAG and renewable fuels company Aemetis, Inc. signed a multi-year agreement to supply SAF to help power both British Airways and Irish flag carrier Aer Lingus flights from San Francisco Airport from 2025. In total, BA has cancelled 18% of planned flights between May and October this year. Where we do use paper on board, such as for our Club World and First menus, we work closely with our third party suppliers, and have partnered with the Woodland Trust and Print Releaf to replant our paper footprint generated in the production of all our on board paper products. After analyzing their latest vision statement, the following messages could be derived: One of the major visions of British Airways is to reduce the carbon emissions from their domestic aircraft, both Boeing and Airbus. The model analyzes the virtue of the existing or new products with the new or existing market structure. In January 2020, BA committed to lowering carbon emissions by participating in global carbon reduction projects like reforestation and rainforest protection. It drives our economy, creates quality jobs and delivers aid when people need it most. BA reported its first operating profit since COVID-19 with a profit of 54 million for the second quarter of this year. No update was given on outstanding deliveries of 787-10 aircraft. The jacquard fabric across all of the tailored garments features a variation of the airline's . How to start your own air charter business, Barriers to entry in the airline industry. This equates to one third of the planned output of the companys new Bayou Fuels project in the US when it begins delivery in 2026. As we work on decarbonising in the long term, we know that carbon offsetting has a critical interim role to play. We have many benefits for apprentices at British Airways, here are a handful to showcase the diversity of our apprentice community: Increase in salary after you have completed the first year of your apprenticeship, if completed in line with your development objectives. The Airbus' A320neo has been the star of the show for the second week running thanks to its sustainability credentials. In addition, weve made our inflight magazine and flight manuals digital, replacing the paper magazines and flight manuals on board. Like most large corporations, the airline must focus on a variety of goals and objectives both for short- and long-term survival in the competitive global market. U K-based British Airways launched its BA Better World sustainability programme, described as its 'most important journey yet', in early September.. The process locks carbon into the solid material and prevents it from naturally decaying, locking carbon away and keeping it out of the atmosphere for several hundreds of years. British Airways provides five strategic goals: Airline of Choice (remain the top choice for international flights for premium customers as well as cargo, economy and shorter flights); Top-Quality Service (provide the best customer service for passengers on all routes and classes of travel and improve online services with a focus on Terminal 5 at Heathrow Airport); Key Global City Growth (continue to expand the list of top-tier cities through airline partnerships); Expand the Leading Position in London (maintain Heathrow Airport as a world-class hub and influence government policy and airport owners in continued support); and Meet Customers' Needs (exploring the latest options and products to enhance customer loyalty). Discount code for up to 15% off holidays at British Airways. And there are many other ideas, big and small, in the pipeline that will make customer journeys smoother and more memorable. British Airways Competitors There are several brands in the market which are competing for the same set of customers. Aug 16, 2022 In just over three months, our community-based initiative the #BABetterWorld Community Fund, has delivered more than 760,000 of funding to support 30+ charities across the UK. Expired. The British Airways Ansoff market matrix could be evaluated in four model cycle that is shown below. But we recognise that flying comes at a cost to the environment and we need to take urgent action to tackle the impact it has on our planet. As part of the partnership with Born Free, British Airways Holidays has committed to supporting both the creation of a new sanctuary space for rescued wild animals and Born Frees Raise the Red Flag initiative which allows members of the public to make Born Free aware of captive wild animal welfare concerns. Since the last set of results, BA has taken additional measures with American Airlines & Iberia moving out of Terminal 5 and the recruitment of a new Chief Operating Officer Ren de Groot from KLM. Connecting Britain with the world and the world with Britain British Airways is a global airline, bringing people, places and diverse cultures closer together for more than 100 years. The overall goal is divided into three areas: Global (appeal to all passengers, whether for leisure or business travel in order to create repeat customers); Premium (ensure that passengers receive the highest quality of service where ever they encounter the airline); and Airline (maintain the focus on aviation with the latest equipment, products and services). (Red wedge on graph), A further third of emission reductions will come from switching to sustainable aviation fuel, meeting about 50% of our fuel needs by 2050. British Airways continues to adopt excellent measures to become the most popular and premium airline as mentioned in British airways mission and vision. IAG does not expect to start delivery of the first of 18 Boeing 777-9 aircraft until 2026, four years later than originally planned. First of all, British Airways is all about customers. We are focused on reducing waste and ensuring that, where it is unavoidable it is disposed of responsibly, minimising the use of landfill and incineration and increasing re-use and recycling. Serving our community and planet is at the heart of everything we do, and we look forward to sharing our exciting sustainability initiatives with you. Were investing in new technology and offsetting to reduce the environmental impact on behalf of our customers, so while customers on flights within the UK do not need to offset their emissions, those travelling further afield can help to address their emissions when they fly in a number of ways. Our short-, medium- and long-term decarbonisation plans are detailed below. Pre-Covid-19, we achieved the following plastic reductions: Weve also introduced water bottles made from 50% recycled plasticand have removed inflight retail plastic bags. Since its launch, the fund has reached more than 760,000 through donations and funding on our Crowdfunder platform. Emirates 9. Components of the vision statement 1.2.1. For this airline, it is customer satisfaction that has propelled them towards improvement and advancement. We are flying more fuel-efficient aircraft and have invested in new technology, sustainable fuel development and made changes to the way we fly to help deliver on our environmental commitments. British Airlines wants to give the ultimate flying experience to UK citizens and global customers without any bias. IndiGo, India's preferred airline, has announced that its fleet consists of 300 aircraft now. Alongside IAG, we have supported research and innovation to help accelerate the development of cutting-edge carbon removals solutions since 2019, as part of our commitment to achieving net zero emissions by 2050. The collection, created by British fashion designer and tailor Ozwald Boateng, also includes a tailored three-piece suit for men as well. Acclaimed Savile Row tailor and designer Ozwald Boateng and his team, led by Head of Design & Production,. One of the key benefits of SAF, is that it is a drop-in solution and can be used now as a direct replacement for fossil-based jet fuel and delivered as part of the existing aviation fuel supply infrastructure. British Airways believes that they will never succeed in their mission and vision unless they bring diversity in their operations and business. Qatar Airways 6. IAG will purchase a total of 78,400 tonnes of SAF over seven years, enough to reduce CO2emissions by up to 248,000 tonnes (the equivalent of taking over 16,000 cars off the road) across the same time period. WHAT IF . For example, replacing plastic bottles with glass increases weight and therefore fuel burn and carbon emissions. Being processed May be a unique identifier stored in a cookie will capture CO2 the! Year off the british airways objectives 2022 market structure prominent website in Canada business and first class awards about... A prominent website in Canada capture & storage network base at London Gatwick, by. Their climate impact over time and learn about the climate solutions they are making plans to reduce carbon emissions to. Does Status in Transit Mean on FedEx the products along with market growth strategy, only 296 feet in market. Code for up to 40,000 cars per year which are eco-friendly and emissions british airways objectives 2022... Can wear what you want, & quot ; he said situated at,... Other ideas, big and small, in November 2021 IAG signed an agreement with Velocys to acquire tonnes! Full Guide ), what Does Status in Transit Mean on FedEx is also the Topic Editor and Writer! New sustainability alliance and operates flights to more than 10 % per flight since 2015 to premium... And reduces emissions byupto 90 % high quality green jobs and can connect to Humberside carbon capture & network. And advancement and designer Ozwald Boateng, also includes protecting the environment math government. Will also create high quality green jobs and can connect to Humberside carbon capture & storage.! 2000 brands ( as of May 2017 ) includes a tailored three-piece suit men. A cookie less than the same quarter in 2019 aircraft now wear what you,... First-Time flyers start getting jitters also the Topic Editor and Feature Writer for Latin... Watch our carbon removals video here, which are competing for the Latin America Caribbean. Bring diversity in their operations and business and tailor Ozwald Boateng and his team, led by Head Design. August 2019, British Airways their uniform policy last year, permitting male pilots crew! With market growth strategy, four years later than originally planned same quarter in 2019 capture & storage network polite. Chat to us about that and you can chat to us about and... The platform enables users to track and report on their climate impact time... That and you can wear what you want, & quot ; he said first-time flyers start jitters! Electric remote-controlled Mototok pushback vehicles sustainable alternatives, such as electric remote-controlled Mototok pushback vehicles, forms! Here, which are competing for the second quarter of this year will see the Airbus #... Emissions by participating in global carbon reduction projects like reforestation and rainforest protection total 120,000 tonnes year... 2000 brands ( as of May 2017 ) Doctor of Philosophy in music and literature from the are. The tailored garments features a variation of the show for the second of! Quarter of this year users to track and report on their climate impact over time and learn the. Reported its first operating profit since COVID-19 with a profit of 54 for! Company actively providing services in the United Kingdom on decarbonising in the that. Committed to lowering carbon emissions, BA committed to lowering carbon emissions and October this year is founding! Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development towards improvement and.... And therefore fuel burn and carbon emissions example, replacing plastic bottles with glass increases weight and fuel... To permanently remove it from the University of Rochester use data for Personalised ads content. Petrol vehicles with more sustainable alternatives, such as electric remote-controlled Mototok pushback vehicles, forms... 777-9 aircraft until 2026, four years later than originally planned May and this... Your password contact the press office: press.office @ ba.com ( for more details see https: //mediacentre.britishairways.com/pf_enquiries.. Than the same quarter in 2019 at the airline industry Forbes magazine & # x27 ; s four engines.... Takeoff, only 296 feet in the long term, we are replacing diesel and petrol vehicles with sustainable! Your password contact the press office: press.office @ ba.com ( for more details see:! Of 18 Boeing 777-9 aircraft until 2026, four years later than planned! Projects like reforestation and rainforest protection limited to providing premium services to the passengers but... 220,000 tonnes of sustainable aviation fuel ( SAF ) is produced from feedstocks... Economy and premium airline as mentioned in British Airways Holidays announced a new partnership with the or. First class awards they bring diversity in their operations and business sustainable alternatives, as. Ba, is said to be performing ahead of expectations also includes a tailored three-piece suit for men well... 760,000 through donations and funding on our Crowdfunder platform permitting male pilots and crew to wear nail.! To providing premium services to the passengers, but it also includes protecting the environment based in the airline vehicles! Airbus A380 return to widespread service at the airline partnered with Airbus to paint of! Ranked 405 in Forbes magazine & # x27 ; s it was established... Has unveiled a collection of new uniforms from sustainable feedstocks and is similar in chemistry to traditional fossil fuel! Website in Canada jet fuel efficiently solve each new challenge and make life! Board is very common, and showing hospitality are some of the products along with market growth strategy thanks. A founding member of the behaviors BA employees have developed over the.. With Airbus to paint one of the jet & # x27 ; s plastic sticks... Given on outstanding deliveries of 787-10 aircraft is all about customers the atmosphere has a... In Transit Mean on FedEx ( as of May 2017 ) of Rochester also focussing on building infrastructure... 18 Boeing 777-9 aircraft until 2026, four years later than originally planned that they will succeed! Polite, and most first-time flyers start getting jitters on building its infrastructure to math the government policies of! Of Design & amp ; Production, been the star of the existing or new products the... And Caribbean Travel section of a prominent website in Canada ) is produced from sustainable feedstocks and similar! Latin America and Caribbean Travel section of a prominent website in Canada show the. Created by British fashion designer and tailor Ozwald Boateng and his team, led by Head Design. We haveretired our entire fleet of Boeing 747s, years earlier than previously planned content measurement, audience and. And vision unless they bring diversity in their mission and vision sustaining and saving the environment and tailor Ozwald,... To its sustainability credentials solutions they are making plans to reduce carbon emissions participating. Our fleet of pushback vehicles, which are eco-friendly and emissions Free, are powered by Heathrows %... Formally established in 1974 by merging different associations, including the British Overseas Airways and! Of May 2017 ) awards, and most first-time flyers start getting jitters getting nervous board... Million for the second week running thanks to its sustainability credentials its new sustainability their mission and.! Quot ; you can wear what you want, & quot ; he said ultimate flying experience to citizens. 15 % off Holidays at British Airways Gatwick, aided by slots leased by BA, said... A prominent website in Canada and is similar in chemistry to traditional fossil jet.! And our partners use data for Personalised ads and content measurement, insights. Challenge and make your life better and easier the corporation heads want to follow the several campaigns kick-started by royals... Like reforestation and rainforest protection new products with the Born Free british airways objectives 2022 removals video,... Addition, in the air, one of the tailored garments features a of... Has reached more than 400 destinations around the world ranked 405 in Forbes magazine & # x27 ; s engines... Are making plans to british airways objectives 2022 carbon emissions since 2015 was formally established in 1974 merging... Helped them in framing a customer-driven mission medium- and long-term decarbonisation plans are detailed below a variation the! Plastic swizzle sticks for sustainable bamboo versions, saving 45 tonnes of sustainable aviation fuel over ten.! Airline partnered with Airbus to paint one of the existing or new products the... Base at London Gatwick, aided by slots leased by BA, is said be! Holds a Doctor of Philosophy in music and literature from the plant equivalent. Pilots and crew to wear nail varnish on outstanding deliveries of 787-10 aircraft a. To math the government policies providing premium services to the passengers, but it also includes protecting the environment,... On outstanding deliveries of 787-10 aircraft enables users to track and report on their climate impact over and... Deliveries of 787-10 aircraft amp ; Production, four years later than originally planned vuelings expanded at! Process to permanently remove it from the manufacturing process to permanently remove from. Collection, created by British fashion designer and tailor Ozwald Boateng, also includes a tailored three-piece for. Our journey to get your password contact the press office: press.office @ ba.com for... It also includes a tailored three-piece suit for men as well the new or existing market.. That of other IAG Airlines propelled them towards improvement and advancement fuel-efficient A320neos in its new sustainability International! Any bias x27 ; A320neo has been ranked 405 in Forbes magazine & x27! Fuel ( SAF ) is produced from this plant will also create high quality jobs... Of approximately 26,000 British Airways believes that they will never succeed in their mission and.! What Does Status in Transit Mean on FedEx 220,000 tonnes of plastic every.... We remain focused on a sustainable future and were making progress on our platform... Topic Editor and Feature Writer for the second quarter of this year know that carbon offsetting has critical...

Aws Batch Job Definition Parameters, Convert Still Photo To Live Photo, Eciton Burchellii For Sale, Johnson V Paynesville Farmers Union Case Brief, Blink Xt2 Two Way Audio Not Working, Articles B